Digital rectal examination – to find tears in anal canal and to detect anal spasm
Anoscopy/sigmoidoscopy
To rule out other causes of rectal bleeding such as colon cancer Treatment
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Medical
Topical anesthetic creams to relieve pain
Topical calcium channel blockers/nitroglycerine: to relieve anal spasm
Laxatives to relieve constipation
Botox injection
Sitz bath
Surgical
Partial lateral anal sphincterotomy –which involves cutting a small portion of the anal sphincter muscle to reduce spasm and pain, and promote healing.
